Everything about Edward S Harkness totally explained
Edward Stephen Harkness (
January 22,
1874 –
January 29,
1940) was an American philanthropist. He was born in
Cleveland, Ohio, one of three sons to
Stephen V. Harkness, a harnessmaker who invested with
John D. Rockefeller and became the second-largest shareholder in
Standard Oil. (His father died in 1888.) Harkness's eldest brother, William, had another mother.
Harkness attended
St. Paul's School and
Yale University, Class of 1897. Harkness and brothers Charles and William were members of
Wolf's Head Society at Yale. After graduating, Edward Harkness married Mary Stillman, daughter of William James Stillman, and whose family had also been associated with the Rockefellers. Harkness also received an
LL.D from
Columbia Law School.
His elder brother
Charles W. Harkness died in 1916, and in 1917
Anna Harkness, their mother, gave $3,000,000 to Yale University to build Harkness Quadrangle in his memory. In 1918 Anna Harkness established the
Commonwealth Fund by an initial gift of $10,000,000, and Edward Harkness was made its president.
Harkness House, a student
cooperative in
Oberlin College, St. Salvator's Hall at the
University of St Andrews, Harkness Chapel at
Connecticut College,
Butler Library at
Columbia University as well as the original portions of the
Columbia University Medical Center and undergraduate dorms at
Brown University,
Harvard University,
Yale University and
Connecticut College were built through his philanthropy. He also had a substantial impact on several New England boarding schools, introducing the revolutionary
Harkness table method of instruction, starting with
Phillips Exeter Academy, and spreading to
St. Paul’s, and
The Lawrenceville School.
He founded the
Pilgrim Trust in the UK in 1930 with an endowment of just over two million pounds, "prompted by his admiration for what Great Britain had done in the 1914-18 war, and by his ties of affection for the land from which he drew his descent." The current priorities of the trust are preservation, places of worship, and social welfare.
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